• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a battery (1) rechargeable comprising a housing (11) and inside the latter: an air electrode (22); a negative electrode (3); and an electrolyte (4); wherein the air electrode (22) is removable from the housing. It also relates to a cathode compartment (2) for an air electrode battery, comprising an air electrode and adapted to be air inserted in a battery case and not part of the case, said compartment being movable and so extractable.
    公开号:FR3013899A1
    申请号:FR1361516
    申请日:2013-11-22
    公开日:2015-05-29
    发明作者:Gwenaelle Toussaint；Philippe Stevens；Sophie Deshayes
    申请人:Electricite de France SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries comprising an air electrode and more particularly batteries comprising a housing and inside the latter an air electrode, a liquid electrolyte and the negative electrode. This negative electrode may be a metal electrode. State of the art The metal-air batteries are part of the batteries comprising an air electrode and use a negative metal electrode, based for example on zinc, iron or lithium, coupled to the air electrode. During discharge, the following reactions occur: MM "+ Negative electrode (metal electrode) 02 + 2-H20 + 4.e- 4.0H- positive electrode (air electrode) .Thus, oxygen is reduced at the level of the air electrode and the metal of the negative electrode is oxidized Most often an aqueous alkaline electrolyte is used These metal-air batteries have several applications, for example zinc-air batteries are marketed for use in hearing aids Many works have been carried out for several decades for the development and optimization of air electrodes for producing electrochemical generators of metal-air type, known for their high mass energies, which can reach several hundred Wh / kg.
    [0002] Air electrodes are also used in alkaline fuel cells. An air electrode allows the use of atmospheric air as an oxidizing agent for the electrochemical reaction, available in unlimited quantities anywhere and at any time. An air electrode is a porous solid structure in contact with the liquid electrolyte, which is usually an alkaline solution. The interface between the air electrode and the liquid electrolyte is a so-called triple-contact interface where the active solid material of the electrode, the gaseous oxidant (air) and the liquid electrolyte are simultaneously present. A description of the different types of air electrodes for zinc-air batteries is exposed, for example, in the bibliographic article by V. Neburchilov et al., Entitled A review on air cathodes for zinc-air fuel cells (in French: Inventory of air cathodes for zinc-air fuel cells "), Journal of Power Sources, 195 (2010), pages 1271 to 1291. When a metal-air battery has to be electrically charged, the direction of the current is reversed and the reactions following occur: M "+ ne- M negative electrode (metal electrode) 4.0H" 02 + 2.H20 + 4.e "positive electrode (air electrode) Thus, oxygen is produced at the electrode positive and the metal is redeposited by reduction on the negative electrode.
    [0003] Although these batteries operate without major problems in the discharge phase, they are not stable in the charging phase; the weak point of the metal-air battery during the charging phase is the air electrode which is not designed to be used in the opposite direction (that is to say in oxidation). In fact, the air electrode has a porous structure and operates in the form of a volumetric electrode in which the electrochemical reaction takes place in the volume of the electrode, at the interface between a gas (the oxygen of the air ), a liquid (the electrolyte) and a solid (the active material of the electrode and possibly a catalyst): it is the triple contact. This porous structure is important because it provides a large required reaction area, and therefore a high current density, because the density of oxygen gas is low compared to a liquid. For example, the molar density of oxygen in the air is about 0.03 mol / L while the water has a density of 55 mol / L. Thus, in general, an air electrode is made from high surface carbon grains, such as Vulcan® XC72 marketed by Cabot.
    [0004] The surface of the carbon may be further increased by reaction with a gas, such as CO2, prior to its integration into the air electrode. The carbon grains are then agglomerated to form the air electrode using a fluorinated hydrophobic polymer, such as a fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer (FEP) sold by the company Dupont. WO 2000/036677 describes such a metal-air battery electrode. This large reaction surface is not necessary for the reverse oxidation reaction at the positive electrode during the charging phase since the concentration of active material is much higher. On the contrary, the porous structure of the air electrode has the disadvantage of being fragile: it has been observed by the inventors that the porous structure of the air electrode was mechanically destroyed by the release of gaseous oxygen when it was used for the oxidation of the liquid electrolyte to oxygen. Indeed, the hydraulic pressure generated within the air electrode by the production of gaseous oxygen is sufficient to cause a break in the bonds between the carbon grains constituting the air electrode. It has also been observed by the inventors that the catalyst, which is added to the air electrode to improve the energy efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction such as manganese oxide or cobalt oxide, is not stable to the potential needed for the reduction of oxygen. In addition, carbon oxidation corrosion takes place in the presence of oxygen and is accelerated at high potentials. To overcome this, some authors use a stronger oxygen reduction catalyst coupled to an oxygen evolution catalyst in bifunctional electrodes composed of two electrically coupled layers (see for example US 5306579). Unfortunately, these bifunctional electrodes have a short life and a limited number of cycles because the structure of these electrodes is not resistant to gas emissions produced over long periods and because the catalyst is not stable and carbon is corrodes the potentials applied during charging.
    [0005] These degradations of the air electrode during the charging phase greatly reduce its service life and are one of the main reasons that prevents the commercial development of electrically rechargeable metal-air accumulators. Therefore, the life of the air electrode is shorter than that of the metal electrode for the batteries / batteries used alternately in discharge and charge mode. However, it would be a shame to have to discard the battery / battery while the metal electrode is still usable. In general, the problem of gaseous release during charging at the air electrode is encountered for any battery comprising an air electrode. Thus, one of the objectives of the present invention is to overcome at least one disadvantage of the state of the art described above.
    [0006] For this, the present invention provides a cathode compartment for an air electrode battery, comprising an air electrode and adapted to be inserted into a battery box removably. Thus, the air electrode is included in an extractable cathode compartment. It is then possible to continue using the negative electrode, in particular the metal electrode of a metal-air battery, in a simple manner when the air electrode is at the end of its life. Indeed, there is no need to disassemble the entire battery / battery to replace the air electrode. Other optional and non-limiting features of the cathode compartment are as follows.
    [0007] The air electrode is advantageously in the form of a plate and the cathode compartment is liquid-tight. The cathode compartment then further comprises an electrical connection for connecting the air electrode to a positive pole of a battery, and a hollow cassette having an air inlet and an air outlet, with at least one flat face formed. at least in part by the air electrode.
    [0008] Alternatively, the cathode compartment further comprises a flange on its face formed at least in part by the air electrode of the cassette to limit the compression of the negative electrode, especially when it is metallic. The cathode compartment advantageously further comprises an additional air electrode in the form of a plate forming at least partly another face of the hollow cassette, the other face being opposite to the face formed at least in part by the electrode. air. The cathode compartment advantageously comprises a honeycomb mechanical reinforcement disposed inside the cassette in support on the air electrode. The cathode compartment may have a lower part and an upper part, the lower part comprising the air electrode or electrodes and the upper part having at least one section lower than the section of the lower part. The invention also proposes a rechargeable battery comprising a housing and inside the latter: an air electrode; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte; and wherein the air electrode is removable from the housing. Thus, when the air electrode reaches the end of its life, it is easy to replace it. Other optional and non-limiting features of the battery are as follows. The air electrode is preferably integrated in a cathode compartment as described above. In the case where the negative electrode is a metal electrode, the electrolyte a liquid electrolyte, the cathode compartment is movable inside the housing.
    [0009] The battery then comprises a separator electrically insulating between the air electrode and the metal electrode and a resilient element. The separator, the cathode compartment and the metal electrode are arranged so that the resilient element acts on the cathode compartment so that it compresses the metal electrode by its face formed at least in part by the air electrode. This resilient element can be the battery case or a compression system disposed against a wall of the housing. The battery advantageously comprises a second air electrode integrated in a second cathode compartment mobile and extractable as described above and a second separator electrically insulating between the second air electrode and the metal electrode. The two cathode compartments and the metal electrode are arranged so that the metal electrode is compressed between the two cathode compartments by their faces formed at least in part by the air electrodes. The battery may further include a second positive electrode for charging the battery. In which case, the second positive electrode is advantageously arranged between the cathode compartment and the negative electrode. The battery then further comprises at least one spacer placed in contact with the second positive electrode to facilitate the evacuation of the oxygen bubbles produced on the second positive electrode during charging. Two spacers may, alternatively, be arranged on either side of the positive electrode. Also, the spacer can be provided against a face of the second positive electrode facing the negative electrode, respectively to the air electrode. In this case, the battery further comprises at least one mechanical protection disposed between the spacer and the negative electrode, respectively the air electrode for their protection against the spacer.
    [0010] Drawings Other objectives, characteristics and advantages will become apparent in the light of the description which follows with reference to the drawings given by way of non-limiting illustration, among which: FIG. 1 schematically represents a cathode compartment used in a battery according to the present invention; ; - Figure 2 shows schematically in section the cathode compartment of Figure 1 comprising an air electrode and a honeycomb mechanical reinforcement; - Figure 3 shows schematically in section the cathode compartment of Figure 1 comprising two air electrodes and a honeycomb mechanical reinforcement; - Figure 4 shows schematically in section the cathode compartment of Figure 1 comprising an air electrode, a honeycomb mechanical reinforcement and whose cassette has a flange; FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, a metal electrode, two cathode compartments of FIG. 2 and two separators; - Figure 6 schematically shows an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, a metal electrode, two cathode compartments of Figure 4 and two separators; FIG. 7 schematically represents an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, two metal electrodes, two cathode compartments of FIG. 2, a cathode compartment of FIG. 3 and four separators; - Figure 8 schematically shows an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, two metal electrodes, two cathode compartments of Figure 2, a cathode compartment of Figure 3, four separators and a compression system; FIG. 9 diagrammatically represents an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, a metal electrode, two cathode compartments of FIG. 2, two second positive electrodes, and four separators; - Figure 10 schematically shows an embodiment of a battery according to the present invention comprising a housing, a metal electrode, two cathode compartments of Figure 2, two second positive electrodes, four mechanical protections, and four spacers; FIG. 11 schematically represents a battery according to the present invention in which the cathode compartment has an upper part and a lower part, the section of the upper part decreasing as one moves away from the lower part; and FIG. 12 schematically represents a battery according to the present invention in which the cathode compartment has an upper part and a lower part, both rectangular, the section of the upper part being smaller than the section of the lower part thus forming a shoulder at the interface of these.
    [0011] Description An air electrode battery according to the invention is described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. In general, the term "battery" is used herein to designate any electrical element making it possible to store energy in the form of chemical and restore it in electrical form. Thus, this term also includes the terms "cell", "fuel cell", "regenerative fuel cell" and "accumulator". Such a battery 1 comprises a housing 11 and, inside the latter, an extractable air electrode 22, a negative electrode 3 and an electrolyte 4.
    [0012] The air electrode 22 can thus be removed from the housing 11, for example slidably, for its replacement when it reaches the end of life or is deteriorated, due to the fact for example that the agglomerated carbon grains structure is too damaged . The air electrode 22 may also be movable inside the housing 11, in particular to allow compression of the negative electrode 3 as will be described in more detail below. The air electrode 22 is preferably made of a porous electron-conducting material. This porous material is for example a carbon black compound, a catalyst based on manganese oxide or cobalt, a hydrophobic binder such as HFP (hexafluoropropylene) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), and a current collector as a collector in the form of a nickel grid.
    [0013] An anion-conductive polymer may be added to the electrode as described in patent WO 2010/128242 A1, especially when the electrolyte is aqueous. This polymer has the function of preventing the carbonation of the aqueous electrolyte by the CO2 contained in the air. The hydrophobic binder has the dual function of producing a porous structure mechanically integrates from a powder whose electronic percolation is provided by contact between the carbon grains, and of being sufficiently hydrophobic to prevent the electrolyte from passing through the electrode. when it is liquid. The negative electrode 3 may be a metal electrode as in the case of a metal-air battery. The material of the metal electrode is preferably zinc, iron or lithium. In this case, the electrolyte is a liquid electrolyte. The battery 1 may further comprise a cathode compartment 2 comprising a hollow cassette 21 and an electrical connection 23 for connecting the air electrode 22 to the positive pole of the battery 1 (see FIGS. 1 to 4). The cathode compartment 2 is adapted to be inserted in the housing 11 of the battery extractably. The cathode compartment 2 is preferably liquid-tight, for example to the liquid electrolyte 4 of the battery 1, in particular when the cathode compartment 2 is provided for compressing the negative electrode 3 as will be described below.
    [0014] The cassette 21 thus has a cavity in which the air can circulate. The cassette 21 also has an air inlet 24 and an air outlet 25 for air circulation in the cassette 21 and in contact with the air electrode 22. The air used to supply the cassette 21 can be untreated, or treated to be, for example, wetted, dried, decarbonated (CO2 removal) or enriched with oxygen.
    [0015] The air electrode 22 is integrated in the cathode compartment 2 in a sealed manner in the form of a plate forming at least partly one of the faces of the cassette 21. The cassette 21 can then be of cylindrical shape with at least a flat face formed at least from the air electrode 22. In this case the cassette 21 can be slidably extractable perpendicular to the apothem of the cylinder Thus, the replacement of the extractable air electrode 22 can be realized easily by simply removing the cathode compartment 2. Alternatively, an additional air electrode 27 may be provided in the cathode compartment 2. This second additional air electrode 27 forms at least partly a second face of the opposite cassette 21 at the face formed at least in part by the first air electrode 22 (see Figure 3). In this case, the cassette 21 preferably has a cylindrical shape with two parallel flat faces. The cathode compartment 2 may further comprise a mechanical reinforcement 26 honeycombed inside the cassette 21 for its reinforcement. This mechanical reinforcement 26 is in support on the air electrode 22. This mechanical reinforcement 26 is particularly advantageous when the negative electrode 3 is a metal electrode in the form of a plate and the cathode compartment 2 and the metal electrode 3 are arranged. so that the cathode compartment 2 compresses the metal electrode 3 by its face formed at least in part by the air electrode 22, for example against a wall of the housing 11, preventing the deformation of the air electrode 22 when In such an embodiment, the battery 1 comprises a separator 5 electrically insulating the air electrode 22 of the metal electrode 3 and disposed therebetween. The separator 5 is an element made of an electrically insulating and ion-conducting material, for example a polyelectrolyte, that is to say a polymer comprising charged groups. Alternatively, it may also be an electrically insulating material permeable to the liquid electrolyte, for example a felt. The separator 5 may be provided fixed to the air electrode 22 and / or the negative electrode 3. In addition, the battery 1 comprises a resilient element acting on the cathode compartment 2 to hold it against the negative electrode 3 to 5. The compression of the metal electrode 3 is advantageous for the following reasons. During the charging phase of a metal-air battery, the metal ion is reduced to metal at the negative electrode which is deposited there when the potential at this negative electrode allows it. However, under certain conditions, the metal is deposited in the form of foam slightly adherent to the surface of the metal electrode. This loose foam can come loose from the electrode causing a loss of active material and therefore a decrease in the capacity of the battery. The inventors have observed that a compression of the metal electrode during the charging phase limited the formation of this little adhesive foam. In addition, this compression also prevents the metal electrode from being deformed during the repeated charge and discharge cycles by ensuring a uniform, homogeneous and dense distribution of the metal deposit on the metal electrode.
    [0016] The resilient element can be formed by the housing 11 of the battery. The elements that are placed inside the housing 11 are inserted in force. The resilient element can also be produced in the form of a compression system 6. This compression system 6 is disposed against a wall of the housing 11 and another element of the battery 1, for example the cathode compartment 2 or the electrode 3. The compression system 6 ensures the compression of the metal electrode 3 once the cathode compartment 2 and the metal electrode 3 are in place and after insertion. The compression system 6 is advantageously made of a resilient material, for example a resilient foam. An example of a resilient foam would be, for example, a poly (chloroprene) foam (also called Neoprene®), preferably neoprene foams sold under the name Bulatex®, in particular Bulatex C166, by the company Hutchinson. Another example of such a foam would be the product Sylomer® G, a poly (ether urethane) foam marketed by Plastiform's company. The foam is preferably of closed porosity and isolated from the liquid electrolyte. It is therefore preferably placed in a flexible pouch, sealed, and stable in contact with the liquid electrolyte. For example an extruded polyethylene pouch heat-weldable. The compression system 6 can be provided extractable and then allows after removal to more easily remove the cathode compartment 2. The battery 1 may comprise two cathode compartments 2 as described above. In the case of a battery 1 comprising a metal electrode as a negative electrode 3, the metal electrode 3 in the form of a plate can be compressed between the faces formed at least in part by an air electrode 22 of the two cathode compartments 2. Separators 5 electrically isolate the metal electrode 3 from the air electrodes 22. In yet another variant, the cathode compartment 2 may comprise two air electrodes 22, 27 in the manner described above and the battery 1 two electrodes 3 in the form of plates arranged on either side of the cathode compartment 2 and optionally, in the case of metal electrode each against a face formed at least in part by an air electrode 22, 27. In the latter case, the cathode compartment 2 can compress both metal electrodes 3 at the same time in the same manner as described above.
    [0017] The cassette 21 of the cathode compartment 2 may advantageously comprise, when the negative electrode 3 is a metal electrode, a flange 28 on its face formed at least in part by the air electrode 22 to limit the compression of the electrode metallic 3.
    [0018] In the case where the metal electrode 3 is compressed between the cathode compartment 2 and a wall of the housing 11, the cathode compartment 2 compresses the metal electrode 3 towards the wall of the housing 11 until the flange 28 between in contact with it. In the case where the metal electrode 3 is compressed between two cathode compartments 2, only one of the two compartments 2 has a rim 28, or the two cathode compartments 2 have a rim 28. In the first case, the rim 28 will enter a contact with the face of the cassette 21 of the other cathode compartment 2 without flange, as mentioned above for the flange 28 and the wall of the housing. In the second case, the flanges 28 are provided on the faces of the cassettes 21 so as to face each other, so that the two cathode compartments 2 compress the metal electrode 3 until the two flanges 28 come into contact with each other. with each other. In the case where the cathode compartment 2 comprises two air electrodes 22 at least partly forming opposite sides of the cassette 21, it may comprise a flange 28 on one side but not the other, or a flange 28 on each of the faces. The edge or edges act in the same manner as described above. The cathode compartment 2 may comprise a lower part 21Np and an upper part 2suP, the lower part 21Np comprising the air electrode or electrodes 22. The upper part 2sup has at least one section perpendicular to the plane of the air electrode lower than that from the bottom 21Np. Thus, at the upper part 2sup of the cathode compartment 2, a larger space is provided in the housing 11 of the battery 1 to collect the liquid electrolyte 4. This allows both a more compact format for the battery 1. Also, the additional volume created by the difference in section of the upper 2sup and lower 21Np portions of the cathode compartment 2 prevents the electrolyte 4 from rising too high level and overflowing during the charging phase because the release of Oxygen gas produces bubbles inside the battery, which increases the level of the electrolyte. For example, the lower portion 21Np has a rectangular shape and the upper part 2sup trapezoidal, in other words, the edges of the upper part are cut as a skew so that the section of the upper part 2sup decreases as and when as one moves away from the lower part 21Np. The section of the upper part 2sup can then remain constant (see Figure 11).
    [0019] In another example, the lower part 21Np and the upper part 2sup have a rectangular shape forming a shoulder at the interface between the two parts 21Np, 2sup (see FIG. 12). The battery 1 may further comprise a second positive electrode 7 for charging the battery 1 (see FIG. 9). This second positive electrode 7 is preferably disposed between the negative electrode 3 and the air electrode 2. A separator 5, for example in the form of liquid electrolyte permeable felt, may be used between the air electrode 22 and this second positive electrode 7 and / or between the negative electrode 3 and the second positive electrode 7. The second positive electrode 7 can also be fixed on the cassette 21 of the cathode compartment 2 to facilitate insertion or removal of the air electrode 22 because there is then no need to pay attention to the insertion location of the cathode compartment 2 relative to the second positive electrode 7. The second positive electrode 7 provides protection of the air electrode 22 during the charging phase of the battery 1. Indeed, during the charging phase of the battery 1, the air electrode 22 is disconnected from the positive pole and the second positive electrode 7 connects ected to this one. Thus, during the charging phase, the air electrode 22 is not used, it is the second positive electrode 7 which replaces it. It can be decided that the air electrode 22 and the second positive electrode 7 are used at the same time at the beginning of the charge and that only the second positive electrode 7 is used when the charging voltage is higher than a given value. More details concerning the use of a second positive electrode 7 are given for example in the document WO 2012/156639. A spacer 8 may also be placed in contact with the second positive electrode 7 to keep the second positive electrode 7 away from the other elements of the battery in order to facilitate the evacuation of the oxygen bubbles produced on the second positive electrode 7 during load. For example, the spacer 8 is disposed between the second positive electrode 7 and the negative electrode 3 and / or between the second positive electrode 7 and the air electrode 22. This spacer 8 is permeable to the electrolyte when the it is liquid. This spacer 8 may be, for example, a plastic grid. The compression pressure on the metal electrode may be exerted via the spacer 8. Alternatively, two spacers 8 may be provided and arranged on either side of the second positive electrode 7. In this case, a mechanical protection 9 permeable to the liquid electrolyte, for example a felt, may be provided between the spacer 8 and the metal electrode 3 or the air electrode 22 to protect the metal electrode 3 or the air electrode 22 of the retractor. In general, the number of possible cathode compartments 2 and that of metal electrodes 3 are adapted to the needs. The only limit imposed is that each air electrode 2 is coupled to a metal electrode 3 with a separator 5 between them. Illustrative embodiments are described below and may be combined with each other. Although these illustrative examples refer to a metal-air battery, the following paragraphs may readily be adapted to other types of batteries including an air electrode.
    [0020] In a first embodiment (FIG. 5), the battery 1 comprises two cathode compartments 2, each having a single air electrode 22 forming part of a face of the cassette 21, and a mechanical reinforcement 26. The battery 1 comprises also a metal electrode 3. This metal electrode 3 is disposed between the two cathode compartments 2 so as to be compressed between them. In a second embodiment (FIG. 6), the battery 1 is identical to the first embodiment except that each of the cathode compartments 2 comprises a flange 28. These flanges 28 are arranged so as to face each other. one another.
    [0021] In a third embodiment (FIG. 7), the battery 1 comprises two cathode compartments 2, each having a single air electrode 22 forming at least a part of a face of the cassette 21, and a mechanical reinforcement 26. The battery 1 further comprises a cathode compartment 2 having two air electrodes 22 forming at least a portion of two opposite faces of the cassette 21. The battery 1 further comprises two metal electrodes 3 and four separators 5. The cathode compartments 2, the electrodes 3 and the separators 5 are arranged in the following order: a first cathode compartment with a single air electrode against a first wall of the housing, a first separator, a first metal electrode, a second separator, the cathode compartment with two electrodes a third separator, a second metal electrode, a fourth separator and finally the second cathode body with a single air electrode against a second wall of the housing opposite to the first wall. In a fourth embodiment (FIG. 8), the battery 1 is identical to the third embodiment except that it further comprises a compression system 6 disposed after the second cathode compartment 2, between the second and in the second wall of the housing 11. In a fifth embodiment (FIG. 9), the battery 1 is identical to the first embodiment except that it further comprises two second positive electrodes 7. elements of the battery are arranged inside the housing so as to be in the following order: a first cathode compartment 2 with an air electrode, a first separator 5, a first second positive electrode 7, a second separator 5 , the metal electrode 3, a third separator 5, a second second positive electrode 7, a fourth separator 5 and a second cathode compartment 2 with an air electrode. In a sixth embodiment (FIG. 10), the battery 1 is similar to the fifth embodiment except that the separators have been replaced by assemblies each comprising a spacer 8 and a mechanical protection 9, the spacer 8 being disposed against a second positive electrode 7 and the mechanical protection 9 against a metal electrode 3 or an air electrode 22.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Cathode compartment (2) for an air electrode battery, comprising an air electrode and adapted to be inserted into a battery case removably.
    [0002]
    The cathode compartment (2) according to claim 1, wherein the air electrode is in the form of a plate, and wherein the cathode compartment (2) is liquid-tight and further comprises an electrical connection (23) for connecting the air electrode at a positive pole of a battery, and a hollow cassette (21) having an air inlet (24) and an air outlet (25), with at least one plane face formed at least by partly by the air electrode (22).
    [0003]
    The cathode compartment (2) according to claim 2, further comprising a flange (28) on its face formed at least in part by the air electrode (22) of the cassette (21).
    [0004]
    4. cathode compartment (2) according to one of claims 2 to 3, further comprising an additional air electrode (27) in the form of a plate forming at least partly another face of the cassette (21) hollow, the other face being opposed to the face formed at least in part by the air electrode (22).
    [0005]
    5. cathode compartment (2) according to one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a mechanical reinforcement (26) honeycomb disposed inside the cassette (21) bearing against the air electrode (22).
    [0006]
    Cathode compartment (2) according to one of claims 2 to 5, having a lower part (21NF) and an upper part (2sup), the lower part (21NF) comprising the air electrode or electrodes (22, 27). and the upper part (2sup) having at least one section perpendicular to the plane of the lower air electrode to the section of the lower part.
    [0007]
    7. Battery (1) rechargeable comprising a housing (11) and inside the latter: an air electrode (22), a negative electrode (3); and an electrolyte; wherein the air electrode (22) is removable from the housing.
    [0008]
    8. Battery (1) according to claim 7, wherein the air electrode (22) is integrated in a cathode compartment (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6.
    [0009]
    9. Battery (1) according to claim 8, wherein the negative electrode is a metal electrode, the electrolyte a liquid electrolyte, and further comprising a separator (5) electrically insulating between the air electrode (22) and the metal electrode (3) and a resilient element, in which the cathode compartment (2) is according to one of claims 2 to 6 and movable within the housing (11), wherein, the separator (5) the cathode compartment (2) and the metal electrode (3) are arranged so that the resilient element acts on the cathode compartment (2) to compress the metal electrode (3) by its formed face. less in part by the air electrode (22).
    [0010]
    10. Battery (1) according to claim 9, wherein the resilient element is formed by the housing (11) or is a compression system (6) disposed against a wall of the housing.
    [0011]
    The battery (1) according to claim 9 or claim 10, further comprising a second air electrode (22) integrated in a movable and extractable second cathode compartment (2) according to one of claims 1 to 7 and a second separator (5) between the second air electrode (22) and the metal electrode (3), wherein the two cathode compartments (2), the metal electrode (3), the separators (5) and the element resilient are arranged so that the metal electrode (3) is compressed between the two cathode compartments (2) by their faces formed at least in part by the air electrodes (22).
    [0012]
    12. Battery (1) according to one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a second positive electrode (7) for charging the battery.
    [0013]
    13. Battery (1) according to claim 12, wherein the second positive electrode (7) is disposed between the cathode compartment (2) and the negative electrode (3), and wherein the battery (1) further comprises the at least one spacer (8) placed in contact with the second positive electrode (7) to facilitate the evacuation of the oxygen bubbles produced on the second positive electrode (7) during charging.
    [0014]
    14. Battery (1) according to claim 13, comprising two spacers (8) placed on either side of the positive electrode (7).
    [0015]
    15. Battery (1) according to claim 13 or claim 14, wherein at least one spacer (8) is provided against a face of the second positive electrode facing the negative electrode (3), respectively towards the electrode. air (22), and further comprising at least one mechanical protection (9) disposed between the spacer (8) and the negative electrode (3), respectively the air electrode (22).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK3072175T3|2018-12-03|
    US20160294027A1|2016-10-06|
    US9972874B2|2018-05-15|
    JP2016537787A|2016-12-01|
    EP3072175B2|2022-01-26|
    CN105849956A|2016-08-10|
    EP3072175B1|2018-08-22|
    PT3072175T|2018-11-28|
    RU2641305C2|2018-01-17|
    WO2015075401A1|2015-05-28|
    KR20160089403A|2016-07-27|
    CN105849956B|2019-06-21|
    ES2696399T3|2019-01-15|
    RU2016124769A|2017-12-27|
    KR101858158B1|2018-05-15|
    FR3013899B1|2018-04-27|
    JP6285551B2|2018-02-28|
    EP3072175A1|2016-09-28|
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    FR2975534B1|2011-05-19|2013-06-28|Electricite De France|METAL-AIR ACCUMULATOR WITH PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE AIR ELECTRODE|
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    JP6962070B2|2017-08-29|2021-11-05|スズキ株式会社|Air battery and negative electrode complex used for it|
    KR102021036B1|2017-12-11|2019-09-11|울산과학기술원|Metal air battery and case for the same|
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    CN111326830B|2018-12-13|2021-05-25|中国科学院大连化学物理研究所|Metal/air battery|
    法律状态:
    2015-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2018-11-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2019-11-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2020-11-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2021-10-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361516A|FR3013899B1|2013-11-22|2013-11-22|EXTRACTIBLE AIR ELECTRODE BATTERY|
    FR1361516|2013-11-22|FR1361516A| FR3013899B1|2013-11-22|2013-11-22|EXTRACTIBLE AIR ELECTRODE BATTERY|
    RU2016124769A| RU2641305C2|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery with removable air electrode|
    US15/038,101| US9972874B2|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery with extractible air electrode|
    EP14814939.6A| EP3072175B2|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery having removable air electrode|
    JP2016533123A| JP6285551B2|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery with removable air electrode|
    PCT/FR2014/053002| WO2015075401A1|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery having removable air electrode|
    CN201480065734.6A| CN105849956B|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|With the battery that can extract air electrode|
    ES14814939T| ES2696399T3|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery with removable air electrode|
    KR1020167015832A| KR101858158B1|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery Having Removable Air Electrode|
    PT14814939T| PT3072175T|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|Battery having removable air electrode|
    DK14814939.6T| DK3072175T3|2013-11-22|2014-11-21|BATTERY WITH REMOVABLE AIR PAD|
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